The cerebellum is part of the mesencephalon,it is a control center for coordination and responsible for the adjustment of motion sequences.The cerebellum is located in the posterior cranial fossa and is bordered by the tentorium of cerebellum and the cerebrum. Between both symmetrical cerebellar hemispheres there is the falx cerebelli. The cerebellum is bordered by the medulla oblongata and the pons and builds the roof of the fourth ventricle.Between cerebellum and medulla oblongata there is a cerebellomedullary cisterna (cisterna magna) which is clinically very important as liquor can be taken from here for making further diagnosis.The cerebellum is connected to the brain stem by 3 cerebellar peduncles. The afferent part is located in the middle an in the posterior peduncle.The efferent part is located in the superior peduncle.The two hemispheres are seperated into 3 lobes by two sulci.
The primary fissure seperates the anterior lobe from the posterior lobe, the posterior fissure seperates the posterior lobe from the flocculonodular lobe. Both hemispheres are seperated by the vermis. Lateral from the vermis there is the flocculus on both sides. It is connected to the vermis by the nodulus. Flocculus and nodulus together build the flocculonodular lobe. The furthest caudal located structures of the cerebellum are the tonsillae cerebelli. They are located above the foramen magnum. On the surface of the cerebellum there are multiple sulci, which function as a surface enlargement.
